Connected speech and linking activity

See the video and repeat the sentences that has Connected speech and linking

taken from: (youtube.com)

Connected speech and linking

Connected speech: the Connected speech is when a native that speak english use the words for speak better and understand, one consonant and one vowel.

 For example: Drop it

the speakers say  Dro  pit

"I need it" we say "I nee dit"

"play a song" we say "Pla ya song"

"Read a book" we say "rea da book"

when the termination of the word is a consonant and the next word has the termination in a consonant too, you pass over the second word that has the consonant.

For example: Book club

the speaker say Booklub 

"Best time" we say "bestime"

"Big grape" we say "Bigrape"

"Good day" we say "Gooday"


Linking: The linking is when the speakers for

You will understand other people more easily

Other people will understand you more easily

There are basically two types of linking:

 Consonant vowel:

When the words ending with a consonant sounds beginning with a vowel sound

Vowel and vowel:

When the words ending with a vowel sounds beginning with a vowel sound

For example:

Turn off we say Tur noff

Can I have a bit of egg  we say Ca ni ha va bi to fegg

Connected speech: contractions

Contractions

A contraction is a single word which has been formed by combining two words and replacing one or more letter with an apostrophe ( ' ).
The meaning of a contraction is identical to the meaning of the two words which it is formed.

(taken from: youtube.com)

There are four kinds of contractions, we can do it with:

• TO BE verb
• Auxiliary verb TO HAVE
• TO DO verb
• Modals verbs

	I	You, We, They	He, She, It
Do	don't	don't	doesn't
Did	didn't	didn't	didn't
Am	'm (not)	-	-
Is	-	-	's - isn't
Are	-	're - aren't	-
Was	wasn't	-	wasn't
Were	-	weren't	-
Have	've - haven't	've - haven't	-
Has	-	-	's - hasn't
Had	'd - hadn't	'd - hadn't	'd - hadn't
Will	'll - won't	'll - won't	'll - won't
Would	'd - wouldn't	'd - wouldn't	'd - wouldn't
Can	can't	can't	can't
Could	couldn't	couldn't	couldn't
Must	mustn't	mustn't	mustn't
Should	shouldn't	shouldn't	shouldn't
Ought to	oughtn't to	oughtn't to	oughtn't to

Words and sentences stress activities

Stress Activity

Match the words of the left with their own definition that you can see on the right side.

Words and sentences stress

Word stress

Each word has a special stress, we can identify two important rules for the word stress;

• One word has only one stress. (one word cannot have two stresses. If you hear two stresses. If you hear two stresses, you hear two words. Two stresses cannot be one word, there can be a "secondary" stress in some words, but this stress is much smaller tan the main stres 
• We can only stress wovels, never consonants.

One-syllable words
One-syllable words are stressed on the vowel sound in the word. Note that a diphthong is one complex vowel sound that forms only one syllable. A diphthong is stressed on its first main component.

CAT

Two-syllable words

Two-syllable nouns

Nouns of two syllable are usually stressed on the first syllable.

CONvict

Nouns may be stressed on the last syllable if there is a long vowel or a diphthong in it. Words of foreign origin (especially words of French origin) may be stressed on the last syllable.

poLICE

Two-syllable adjectives 

Also adjectives with tow syllables are usually stressed on the first syllable.

FUNny

Two-syllable verbs

Two-syllable verbs are usually stressed on the second syllable, especially if the first syllable is a prefix.

unLOCK

Three-syllable words

Three-syllable nouns

Three-syllable nouns are usually stressed on the first syllable

POLitics

But many nouns, especially those derived from verbs with prefixes, have stress on the second syllable.

diRECtor

Some nouns have primary stress on the last syllable if there is a long vowel or a diphthong in it.

engiNEER

Three-syllable adjectives

Three-syllable adjectives are usually stressed on the first syllable.

EXcellent

Some adjectives have one more stress on the last syllable if there is a long vowel or a diphthong in it.

OBsolete / obsoLETE

Some adjectives do not repeat the stress of the noun from which they were derived and are stressed on the second syllable.

from SYMbol ---> symBOlic

Three-syllable verbs

Three-syllable verbs often have primary stress on the first syllable (even if it is a prefix) and secondary stress on the last syllable (which is often a verb suffix).

MODernize

But many verbs, especially those with prefixes, have stress on the second syllable.

reMEMber

If the prefix consists of two syllables, its first syllable usually gets secondary stress.

underSTAND

Four or more syllables

Long words usually have two stresses: primary stress and secondary stress. But there are some long words with only one stress.

Only one stress

ACcuracy

On the second syllable

aMERica

Sentence stress

In English, there are stressed words and non-stressed words while we pronounce a sentence. There is a group called Content Words, this group of words are the most important of the sentences (focus word) and because of that we make the emphasis in that word. Function words is another group, we never focus this words in a sentence.

Content words

Nouns

Principal verbs

Adjectives

 Adverbs

Function Words

Articles

Pronouns

Prepositions

Conjunctions

Auxiliary verbs

Rising or Falling?

Listen the tracks and then resolve the Quiz

Raising and falling

Which are the class of intonation?

you must know which are the differents rulesz of the rising intonation

Rising

YES / NO QUESTION 

Is she having breakfast?  

TAG QUESTION  (when you are sure  the answer)

You like pizza, don't you?

Falling: 

DECLARATE SENTENCES

I eat rice  

NEGATIVE SENTENCES

I don't like reggaeton 

NORMAL QUESTION

Where do you live? 

COMMANDS

Get on

TAG QUESTIONS (when you find out the answer)

You aren´t a student, are you?

 

Intonation and thought group

What is intonation?

In linguistics, intonation is variation of spoken pitch that is not used to distinguish words; instead it is used for a range of functions such as indicating the attitudes and emotions of the speaker, signalling the difference between statements and questions, and between different types of question, focusing attention on important elements of the spoken message and also helping to regulate conversational interaction. It contrasts with tone, in which pitch variation in some languages does distinguish words, either lexically or grammatically. (The term tone is used by some British writers in their descriptions of intonation, but this is to refer to the pitch movement found on the nucleus or tonic syllable in an intonation unit – see Intonation in English: British Analyses of English Intonation, below).